BARC EXAM 2024 MEMORY BASED QUESTIONS

1) The radiogenic heat produced by 1 kg of rock is maximum for

a) Granite

b) Gabbro

c) Granodiorite

d) Peridotite

Ans : Radioactive elements are rich in continental crust and their abundance decreases downwards.

The radiogenic heat produced by a rock depends on its content of radioactive elements, primarily uranium (U), thorium (Th), and potassium (K). Among the given options:

Granite ia a felsic intrusive igneous rock which has composition of Quartz and K-feldspar, K-feldspar is rich is potassium which is a radioactive element.
Gabbro is a mafic rock with lower concentrations of radioactive elements having composition of Plagioclase and CPX
Peridotite is ultramafic and has the least amount of radioactive elements mainly rich in Olivine.

Since granite generally has the highest concentration of radioactive elements, it produces the most radiogenic heat.

2) The geoid can be best defined as

a) An oblate spheroid that approximates the shape of earth

b) A surface over which value of gravity is constant

c) Physical surface of earth

d) An equipotential surface of earth

Ans: The geoid is defined as the equipotential surface of Earth's gravity field that always coincide with mean sea level. It is an imaginary surface where the gravitational potential remains constant, meaning that a ball placed on it would not roll due to gravity differences.

3) Which of the following represent the miller indices of octahedron ?

a) {001}

b) {101}

c) {111}

d) {100}

Ans :

OCTAHEDRON(8) : {111}

DODECAHEDRON(Rhombic) (12) : {110}

TETRAHEXAHEDRON (24) : {0kl}

TRAPEZOHEDRON (24) : {hll}

TRIS-OCTAHEDRON (24) : {hhl}

HEXA-OCTAHEDRON (48) : {hkl}

4) The line on a map joining places of equal rainfall is called an _____

a) Isotach

b) Isoneph

c) Isohyet

d) Isohel

Ans: Isotach - equal wind speed

Isoneph: equal cloud cover

5) Which of the following phyllum shows unsegmented body?

a) Arthropoda

b) Trilobita

c) Chordata

d) none of the above

Ans :

Arthropoda → Incorrect

Arthropods have a segmented body, typically divided into head, thorax, and abdomen (e.g., insects, crustaceans).

Trilobita → Incorrect Trilobites belong to the phylum Arthropoda and also have a segmented body, divided into cephalon, thorax, and pygidium.

Chordata → Incorrect

Chordates (e.g., vertebrates) may show segmentation in the embryonic stage (like the vertebral column or muscle segments), though not always externally visible.

None → Correct

All the mentioned phyla show segmentation at some stage in their life cycle.

6) What is grouting?

a) A method of applying concrete projected at high velocity primarily on to a vertical or overhead surface

b) Injecting dense fluid that hardens used to fill void, cracks, and joints in concrete structures

c) It is a long anchor bolt used for stabilizing rock excavations, which may be used in tunnels or roadcuts

d) Spraying of concrete at high velocity

Ans : Grouting is specifically the process of injecting a pumpable material (the grout) into voids or cracks. This material then hardens to provide stability, seal against water, or fill gaps.

- Shotcrete : A method of applying concrete projected at high velocity primarily on to a vertical or overhead surface describes shotcrete or gunite

- Rock bolting : It is a long anchor bolt used for stabilizing rock excavations, which may be used in tunnels or roadcuts

7) The maximum and minimum principal stresses are represented by σ1 and σ3 respectively. The differential stress have an absolute value greater than σ1 when ,

a) σ1 and σ3 both are tensile

b) σ1 and σ3 both are compressive

c) σ1 and σ3 both are equal

d) σ1 is compressive and σ3 is tensile

Ans :

Differential Stress = σ1−σ3

For the absolute value of differential stress to be greater than $\sigma_1$ , we require:

|

$σ_{1}$ is compressive and $σ 3 is tensile$

This means $σ 1 is positive (compressive) and$ $\sigma_3$ is negative (tensile).
The differential stress becomes $σ_{1} - (σ_{3}) = σ_{1} + ∣ σ_{3} ∣$
Since $|\sigma_3|$ is positive, this value can exceed $σ_{1}$

8) Among the four electrode configuration, which of the following is best suited for archeological survey?

a) Schlumberger

b) Pole - Pole

c) Wenner

d) Dipole - Dipole

Ans :

Wenner :
- Current and potential electrodes are overlapping with each other
- Current and potential electrodes have a common mid-point
- difference between adjacent electrodes are equal
- used for lateral resistivity variation (Resistivity profiling) i.e shallow subsurface profiling
Schlumberger :
- Current and potential electrodes are overlapping with each other
- Current and potential electrodes have a common mid-point
- used for vertical resistivity variation (resistivity sounding) i.e deep subsurface profiling
Dipole-Dipole:
- Distance b/w two current electrodes are equal
- Current and potential electrodes are not overlapping with each other, they got separated
- Used in archaeological survey
Pole-Dipole:
- One current electrode is at great distance (infinite)
- Electrodes are not overlapping with each other
- Suitable for moderate depth investigation
Pole-Pole:
- One current electrode and one potential electrode is kept at large distance
- Used for rapid surveys

9) Which among the following is the peculiarity of Honshu, Japan?

a) Single Benioff zone and volcanic island

b) Double Benioff zone and volcanic island

c) A volcanic island

d) None of the above

Ans : Honshu, the largest island of Japan, is located in a tectonically active region where the Pacific Plate and Philippine Sea Plate subduct beneath the Eurasian Plate and North American Plate. This subduction results in:

Volcanic activity due to melting of the subducted slab.
A double Benioff zone (also known as a double seismic zone), where two distinct planes of earthquake activity exist within the subducting slab at different depths.

10) Match group-I with group-II

Ans : P → 3 (Calc-silicate, moderate P-T), Q → 4 (Pelite, high P, low T, R → 2 (Metabasite, low P, high T), S → 1 (Pelite, low P, high T)

Diopside - Tremolite - Fosterite

Diopside (clinopyroxene) and tremolite (amphibole) are characteristic of calc-silicate rocks.
Fosterite (olivine) suggests a moderate P-T environment.

Talc - Phengite - Kyanite

Talc and phengite (mica) indicate low-temperature conditions.
Kyanite forms under high pressure conditions.
Found in Blueschist facies

Hornblende - Cummingtonite - Plagioclase

Hornblende (amphibole) and cummingtonite (another amphibole) are commonly found in metabasites.
Plagioclase also occurs in amphibolites.
Low-pressure, high-temperature conditions favor this assemblage.

Andalusite - Cordierite - Biotite

Andalusite and cordierite are typical of low-pressure, high-temperature conditions in pelitic rocks found in Buchan zone of contact metamorphism
Biotite is also common in these settings.

11) Which of the following is correct chronological sequence for Iron formations?

a) Algoma > Superior > Rapitan > Minnete

b) Algoma > Superior >Minette > Rapitan

c) Rapitan > Minette > Superior > Algoma

d) Algoma > Minette > Superior > Rapitan

Ans :

Algoma: Archean (Volcanogenic sediments)

Superior : Paleoproterozoic (Stable continental shelf)

Rapitan : Neoproterozoic (Glacial sediments)

Minette : Alternate hematite and qtz

12) Which types of dam requires strong abutments as canyon will bear most of the load?

a) Gravity dam

b) Arch dam

c) Buttress dam

d) Embankment dam

Ans :

13) Telluric currents are generally found in _____

a) Mesosphere

b) Stratosphere

c) Asthenosphere

d) Lithosphere

Ans : The lithosphere, which includes the Earth's crust and uppermost mantle, is where telluric currents primarily occur. These currents interact with conductive materials such as ores and water-rich regions.

14) The upper surface of phreatic zone has a water pressure

a) Greater than atmospheric pressure

b) Equal to atmospheric pressure

c) Smaller than atmospheric pressure

d) Twice of atmospheric pressure

Ans : The phreatic zone, also known as the saturated zone, is the part of an aquifer where all the pore spaces are completely filled with water. The upper surface of the phreatic zone is called the water table. In case of water table the water pressure becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure.

15) In which class of Ramsay classification, the dip isogons diverge downward axial surface?

a) Class I

b) Class IB

c) Class II

d) Class III

Ans :

16) The interlimb angle of open fold is

a) 180 - 120

b) 120 - 70

c) 70 - 30

d) 30 - 10

Ans :

17) Identify the dam in the given figure

a) Gravity dam

b) Arch dam

c) Buttress dam

d) Embankment dam

Ans :

18) The term Deccan trap was given by

a) Edward suess

b) W.h. sykes

c) H G medlicott

d) Henry Wesley voysey

Ans : The term "Deccan Trap" refers to the extensive basaltic lava flows that cover a large part of western and central India, primarily formed during the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary in 66 Ma.

The term was first introduced by W.H. Sykes in 1833 while describing the layered basaltic formations of the Deccan Plateau. The word "Trap" comes from the Swedish word "Trappa," meaning "stair," referring to the step-like appearance of these lava flows.

The Réunion hotspot (produced the Deccan Traps about 66 million years ago) coincides with the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
The Kerguelen hotspot produced the Rajmahal trap in upper creataceous and it is older than Deccan trap.

19) The lava which is known as ''oldman's skin''

a) Aa lava

b) Pahoehoe lava

c) Composite lava

d) Pillow lava

Ans :

20) The process during earthquakes where soil grains are surrounded by water droplets are known as

a) Soil creep

b) Solifluction

c) Liquefaction

d) Landslide

Ans :

Liquefaction occurs during earthquakes when saturated, loose, granular soil loses its strength and behaves like a liquid due to increased pore water pressure.

This happens because the shaking causes water to surround soil grains, reducing friction and making the ground unable to support structures.

It is common in low-lying coastal areas, riverbanks, and reclaimed land.

21) The zones which are part of supergene enrichment are

a) Zone oxidation and zone of reduction

b) Zone of oxidation and zone of aeration

c) Leached zone and zone of oxidation

d) Zone of sulphidation and zone of reduction

Ans :

22) Iridium anamoly is associated with which boundary

a) Cretaceous - paleogene

b) Permian - Traissic

c) Devonian - Silurian

d) Cambrian - Ordovician

Ans : The term iridium anomaly commonly refers to an unusual abundance of the chemical element iridium in a layer of rock strata at the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary.

23) Herringbone structure is generally related to which of the following environments?

a) Fluvial

b) Aeolian

c) Tidal

d) Lacustrine

Ans :

BASED ON ENVIRONMENT

Tidal : Herringbone,
Sub-tidal : Double mud drapes
Inter-tidal : Rain print, Mud crack, Adhesion ripple
Storm : Hummocky cross
Fluvial : Epsilon cross stratification, Lateral acretionary ridges

CONTINENTAL SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS

ALLUVIAL FANS : Cross bedding or graded bedding
FLUVIAL : Asymmetrical ripples, trough cross bedding, Epsilon cross bedding , Lateral accretionary surfaces (occur in point bar), Tabular CS
LACUSTRINE :
DESERT : Reverse graded, Cross bedding, Barchans

TRANSITIONAL SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS

DELTA : Cross bedding, Graded Bedding
BARRIER BEACH : Cross-bedding, symmetrical ripples, Planar lamination
LAGOON : Laminations, ripples, cross-bedding
TIDAL FLATS : Laminations, mud cracks, ripples, cross bedding

MARINE SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS

REEF :
CONTINENTAL SHELF : Laminations, cross-bedding
CONTINENTAL SLOPE : Graded bedding, cross-bedding, Laminations, flute marks, tool marks (turbidites), Hummocky CS (storm) , Herringbone CS (tidal)
ABYSSAL PLAINS : Laminations

24) Which of the following is sub-dendritic pattern?

Ans : A sub-dendritic pattern is a variation of the dendritic drainage pattern, where streams follow a branching, tree-like structure but show slight structural control due to geological variations. It typically occurs in regions where the bedrock has weak structural influences, such as gently folded or fractured rock formations.

25) The host rock of Uranium deposit of Tummalapalle is

a) Quartz-Pebble-Conglomerate

b) Sandstone

c) Dolostone

d) Granite

Ans : The Tummalapalle uranium deposit, located in Andhra Pradesh, India, is one of the largest uranium reserves in the country. The host rock for uranium mineralization in this region is dolostone, a sedimentary carbonate rock primarily composed of dolomite (CaMg(CO₃)₂).

26) The derivative of x2 sinx

a) 2xsinx - x2 cosx

b) 2xsinx - cosx

c) x2cosx - 2xsinx

d) 2x 2sinx - x2 cosx

Ans :

27) When a ray is travelling from one medium to another medium is incident at critical angle, then

a) It is reflected back to the first medium

b) Moves parallel to the surface of first medium along the interface

c) Gets refracted to the second medium

d) None of the above

Ans :

28) The magnetometer which measures value in femto units is

a) Proton precision magnetometer

b) Fluxgate magnetometer

c) Super conducting interface device magnetometer

d) Optically pumped magnetometer

Ans :

The Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometer is an extremely sensitive magnetometer capable of detecting magnetic fields in the femtoTesla (fT) range (1 fT =

1 0^{- 15}

T). It works on the principles of superconductivity and quantum interference.

29)

Ans : The given image shows a spherical microfossil with multiple perforations (pores), internal shells, and spines, which is characteristic of Radiolaria.

30) The dam in which force acts towards the abutment is known as

a) Gravity dam

b) Arch dam

c) Buttress dam

d) Embankment dam

Ans :

31) Which of the following mineral having high specific gravity

a) Bauxite

b) Baryte

c) Galena

d) Hematite

Ans : Galena having SG of 7.4-7.6 and hardness <3

32) The supercontinent that existed in the late Mesoproterozoic to early neoproterozoic time is _____

a) Rhodinia

b) Columbia

c) Valvaara

d) Pannotia

Ans:

33) Maximum depth of investigation achieved in which array?

a) Wenner

b) Schlumberger

c) Dipole - dipole

d) Pole - pole

Ans : The maximum depth of investigation is achieved in the Pole-Pole array because it uses widely spaced current and potential electrodes, leading to deeper current penetration.

MEMORY BASED ONE LINER

1.Dip isogon divergent : Class III

2.Which mineral has six clevage : Sodalite and Sphalerite

3.Octahedron plane miller indices : 111 (8 faces)

4.Miller indices diagram qs

5.2v=90 degree diagram

6.Interference CLR related qn

7.Open cast U mine

8.Most radioactive rock : Granite

9.Old man skin : Pahoehoe lava

10.Elephant skin

11.Deccan trap word intro who : S.H sykes

12.Aperture related forams

13.Spine realated qn with diagram

14.Eh ph diagram related to iron

15.Radioactive rock

16.Dam diagram

17.Oxyatmoversion

18.Eu anomaly qn? : Positive Eu anamoly in Plagioclase

19.GroundWaterand gas pressure instrument?

20.Line joining Equal rainfall : Isohyet

21.Hill contour diagram Ash thickness ?

22.Hill around lava flow

23.Hadean .....Ttg related qn

24.The host rock of Tumalappalle Uranium : Dolostone

25.Critical angle qns anyone?

26.Antiferro magnetic minerala bears - transition metal element compund?

27.Maximum interference clr is produced when...?

28.Uranium in ground water?ppm amount

29.Increasing grade of metamorphism

30.8 fold CN with diagram

31.Volcano diagram with graph

32.Supergene sulphide enrichment

33.Phreatic zone with atmospheric pressure related qn

34.No segmented absent lophopore

35.Iron type age from old to young

36.Stratigraphy shuffle cuddaph vindyas and others

37.True thickness sum

38.Telluric current

39.Biostratigraphy related qn

40.Two fossils age to determine

41.Netslip dip slip qn

42.Double benioff zone honshu Japan

43.Chemical composition of magma based on viscosity temp ...

44.Trigonometry la oru graph sum xxdash y ydash like phi/2 -phi/2

45.One ore sum

46.Stable nucleius Odd no of pro neutron, Even no of pro neutron ?

47.Soil saturated with water during eathquake behaves plastic

48.RQD sum

49.Highest calorific value : Anthracite

50.Mean Median mode relationship

51.Tidal environ

52.Sediment-4

53.Intertidal zone range

54.Maths-3(isosceles)

55.Diagram wise volcano qs

56.Min showing internal reflection

57.Which is best viable code for unfc classification

58.Foram qs

59.Paramagnetic if become negative it s semiconductor or conductor or insulator

60.Archeological purpose which array

61.Schlumberger array diagram

62.Max vertical depth achieved in Which array

63.Water dating qs

64.Coal maceral

65.Managanese deppsit

Odd one out manganese

66.Open fold interlimb angle?

67.Ash thickness calc with conture

68.Brittle and viscous of lithosphere

69.Feather joints

70. The supercontinent that existed in the late Mesoproterizoic to early Neoproterozoic time was

71.metamorphic mineral assemble qn

72.Universal stage qn

73.variable relief in stage rotation

74.perthite microperthie

75.Lithium triangle related Argentina....

76.Iridium anomaly

77.Internal reflection ore

78.Geoid qn

79.Grouting

80.High spcG mineral

81.Soil saturated with water during eathquake behaves plastic

82.Movement of sand gravels along slope is called

83.Which stress plays minimum role in determing deformation

84.clay grain size related qn

85.Type of dam where the forces acting on the dam are transmitted onto the abutment rocks is

86.Stratigraphic equalant qn

87.which one is not used for airborne TDEMR .

88.Induced polarization qn

89.stress related qn n power 3

90.Metamorphic zone rearrange

91.stress tensor

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